WEBVTT 1 00:00:00.540 --> 00:00:02.400 All right, so I've mentioned redundancy once 2 00:00:02.400 --> 00:00:04.050 or twice also, but I want 3 00:00:04.050 --> 00:00:05.250 to say a couple more things about it. 4 00:00:05.250 --> 00:00:07.770 First of all, titles matter. 5 00:00:07.770 --> 00:00:10.080 I've shown you this before, we've talked about it before. 6 00:00:10.080 --> 00:00:12.330 Say something with your title 7 00:00:12.330 --> 00:00:14.250 that says something about your data. 8 00:00:14.250 --> 00:00:15.810 The chart may show me 80% 9 00:00:15.810 --> 00:00:18.210 of people love strawberry ice cream or whatever it is, 10 00:00:18.210 --> 00:00:21.241 but if the title says, "Ice Cream Survey Results", 11 00:00:21.241 --> 00:00:23.190 I'm less likely to remember it. 12 00:00:23.190 --> 00:00:25.350 Simply say 80% of people love ice cream 13 00:00:25.350 --> 00:00:27.377 and then the chart says it again 14 00:00:27.377 --> 00:00:28.740 that's redundancy technically, but you know what? 15 00:00:28.740 --> 00:00:29.730 It helps. 16 00:00:29.730 --> 00:00:32.490 So title things appropriately. 17 00:00:32.490 --> 00:00:37.490 Now, on top of that here we have a chart, France, $717, 18 00:00:37.650 --> 00:00:39.840 Norway, $608 whatever that's about. 19 00:00:39.840 --> 00:00:40.950 I have no idea what that's about. 20 00:00:40.950 --> 00:00:41.880 Who cares? 21 00:00:41.880 --> 00:00:44.790 Long story short I could use redundancy 22 00:00:44.790 --> 00:00:47.040 to help you remember which is which. 23 00:00:47.040 --> 00:00:47.873 Oh, right. 24 00:00:47.873 --> 00:00:49.950 France is the larger bar 25 00:00:49.950 --> 00:00:53.340 if I'm familiar with national maps. 26 00:00:53.340 --> 00:00:56.340 If not maybe that doesn't help, good debate 27 00:00:56.340 --> 00:00:57.690 to have around that. 28 00:00:57.690 --> 00:01:00.736 I could even make it more redundant 29 00:01:00.736 --> 00:01:03.660 by reinforcing the color even more. 30 00:01:03.660 --> 00:01:05.670 Now, in this particular case, I have two maps 31 00:01:05.670 --> 00:01:07.960 that actually use the same color schemes. 32 00:01:07.960 --> 00:01:11.016 So you have to decide France is blue 33 00:01:11.016 --> 00:01:14.100 and actually France does use blue more heavily. 34 00:01:14.100 --> 00:01:18.090 And Norway is first of all, majority red, their map 35 00:01:18.090 --> 00:01:19.260 or their flag rather. 36 00:01:19.260 --> 00:01:20.093 Do I keep saying map? 37 00:01:20.093 --> 00:01:21.450 I mean flags. 38 00:01:21.450 --> 00:01:24.600 On top of that France has the blue, fleur-de-lis, 39 00:01:24.600 --> 00:01:25.650 et cetera, et cetera. 40 00:01:26.775 --> 00:01:27.660 So this is a logical choice. 41 00:01:27.660 --> 00:01:29.610 But if you had two countries 42 00:01:29.610 --> 00:01:32.070 with the same map color as France or the United States, 43 00:01:32.070 --> 00:01:35.550 which one gets which or Norway and the United States, right? 44 00:01:35.550 --> 00:01:36.900 You make a decision, you run with it. 45 00:01:36.900 --> 00:01:38.550 Once I'm primed, remember we talked 46 00:01:38.550 --> 00:01:40.350 about attentive processing. 47 00:01:40.350 --> 00:01:43.560 Once I'm primed to know, blue is France, I'll be good. 48 00:01:43.560 --> 00:01:45.540 I'll pick that up throughout the entire presentation. 49 00:01:45.540 --> 00:01:47.340 And by the way, if you're doing a presentation 50 00:01:47.340 --> 00:01:49.110 and you're using this information again 51 00:01:49.110 --> 00:01:51.682 and again and again, 'cause you're gonna show me France 52 00:01:51.682 --> 00:01:52.980 a hundred times it better stay blue. 53 00:01:52.980 --> 00:01:54.390 Once you teach me that that's blue, 54 00:01:54.390 --> 00:01:56.220 it better remain that way. 55 00:01:56.220 --> 00:01:58.380 Last example of redundancy that I'd like to share 56 00:01:58.380 --> 00:01:59.670 this is a great data story that came 57 00:01:59.670 --> 00:02:03.150 from Scientific American looking at their 175 years 58 00:02:03.150 --> 00:02:06.270 which was a year or two ago, 175 years 59 00:02:06.270 --> 00:02:08.400 in this publication's life. 60 00:02:08.400 --> 00:02:13.400 They looked at all the entire magazine's text 61 00:02:13.770 --> 00:02:14.820 and they essentially were looking 62 00:02:14.820 --> 00:02:19.820 for keyword words used in the magazine over time. 63 00:02:20.130 --> 00:02:24.492 So for instance, the word paper the peak of its usage was 64 00:02:24.492 --> 00:02:29.010 in 1840 something and it's just gone down and down and down. 65 00:02:29.010 --> 00:02:32.340 Scientific American doesn't mention paper very much anymore. 66 00:02:32.340 --> 00:02:35.250 The word require going down and down and down 67 00:02:35.250 --> 00:02:36.930 but then it shot up at some point for some reason 68 00:02:36.930 --> 00:02:38.310 and then it came down, down, down. 69 00:02:38.310 --> 00:02:40.560 So certain words have different patterns. 70 00:02:40.560 --> 00:02:43.140 You might expect more modern words. 71 00:02:43.140 --> 00:02:44.400 Let me see if I can find one here. 72 00:02:44.400 --> 00:02:45.233 Look at this word. 73 00:02:45.233 --> 00:02:46.230 Invention. 74 00:02:46.230 --> 00:02:49.489 Whoops, sorry. 75 00:02:49.489 --> 00:02:53.280 Invention, pretty popular and then crashes. 76 00:02:53.280 --> 00:02:54.900 And then we never talk about invention again. 77 00:02:54.900 --> 00:02:56.080 Why? 78 00:02:56.080 --> 00:02:57.690 I don't know what replaced it, but it's interesting. 79 00:02:57.690 --> 00:02:59.970 Other words, like I'm sure there are words 80 00:02:59.970 --> 00:03:03.120 that are scientific terms that were unknown back 81 00:03:03.120 --> 00:03:06.150 in the day that became more popular over time. 82 00:03:06.150 --> 00:03:07.680 But long story short, the reason I bring this 83 00:03:07.680 --> 00:03:11.460 up now is this, look at this. 84 00:03:11.460 --> 00:03:15.720 We have colors representing decades 85 00:03:15.720 --> 00:03:17.760 and it's a lot of colors. 86 00:03:17.760 --> 00:03:18.810 It's hard to pull off a pallet that actually works 87 00:03:18.810 --> 00:03:20.530 with this many colors in it. 88 00:03:20.530 --> 00:03:22.782 It's hard for us to differentiate between different colors. 89 00:03:22.782 --> 00:03:25.260 And we also have a timeline. 90 00:03:25.260 --> 00:03:29.370 I can see the time is flowing left to right years down here. 91 00:03:29.370 --> 00:03:30.900 So I can see the current year labeled. 92 00:03:30.900 --> 00:03:31.980 Oh, nice, do less, right? 93 00:03:31.980 --> 00:03:33.600 They don't bother labeling every single year 94 00:03:33.600 --> 00:03:35.760 although these little dots help me track 95 00:03:35.760 --> 00:03:37.020 decades or whatever. 96 00:03:37.020 --> 00:03:39.330 But long story short, it's redundant. 97 00:03:39.330 --> 00:03:41.130 I can see this in 1917. 98 00:03:41.130 --> 00:03:42.600 Do I need the color to help me? 99 00:03:42.600 --> 00:03:43.800 No. 100 00:03:43.800 --> 00:03:47.310 But by the same token as I scroll through this, 101 00:03:47.310 --> 00:03:50.280 I can easily see, oh look this is like the 1930s 102 00:03:50.280 --> 00:03:52.050 or the yellow bar, the bits. 103 00:03:52.050 --> 00:03:54.600 So it helps me sort of track visually very quickly, 104 00:03:54.600 --> 00:03:57.330 pre-tentatively where I am in time. 105 00:03:57.330 --> 00:04:01.620 So it's redundant, it's not required, but it's kind of nice. 106 00:04:01.620 --> 00:04:03.841 Speaking of which redundancy and kind of nice, 107 00:04:03.841 --> 00:04:06.180 look at the design. 108 00:04:06.180 --> 00:04:09.510 The line is actually a gradient of color, 109 00:04:09.510 --> 00:04:11.813 a little bit thicker, bolder line. 110 00:04:11.813 --> 00:04:15.630 And do they need to fill it in with the color underneath? 111 00:04:15.630 --> 00:04:16.590 No. 112 00:04:16.590 --> 00:04:19.860 But it gives me more visual space to detect the color. 113 00:04:19.860 --> 00:04:22.179 If it was just the line, it might be hard to see. 114 00:04:22.179 --> 00:04:25.240 And the fact that it sort of fades out, it's a gradient, 115 00:04:25.240 --> 00:04:26.460 this is just beautiful. 116 00:04:26.460 --> 00:04:28.770 And even by the way I have to probably zoom in 117 00:04:28.770 --> 00:04:30.300 to see it maybe a little bit. 118 00:04:30.300 --> 00:04:33.960 There's the line and then there's a very subtle white line 119 00:04:33.960 --> 00:04:38.040 essentially spacing between the data line 120 00:04:38.040 --> 00:04:40.380 and then that gradient of color. 121 00:04:40.380 --> 00:04:45.333 Subtle little design decision that just makes it prettier. 122 00:04:46.470 --> 00:04:50.643 Okay, so redundancy very, very important.