WEBVTT 1 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:00.833 Hi, everyone, 2 00:00:00.833 --> 00:00:04.830 and welcome back to another lecture in module two. 3 00:00:04.830 --> 00:00:06.840 Today, we are focusing on a recap 4 00:00:06.840 --> 00:00:10.770 of Iton and Snyder's Chapter 7 titled Government Agencies: 5 00:00:10.770 --> 00:00:12.780 Administrative Advocacy. 6 00:00:12.780 --> 00:00:15.780 This is a pretty action-packed lecture, 7 00:00:15.780 --> 00:00:19.170 so please feel free to pause however you need 8 00:00:19.170 --> 00:00:21.183 and take as many notes as you want. 9 00:00:22.020 --> 00:00:23.612 So first, I just wanted to review 10 00:00:23.612 --> 00:00:26.650 some major government agencies in the United States. 11 00:00:26.650 --> 00:00:28.980 Some of these examples include 12 00:00:28.980 --> 00:00:30.852 the Environmental Protection Agency, 13 00:00:30.852 --> 00:00:35.745 where their role is to focus on protecting the United States 14 00:00:35.745 --> 00:00:38.310 against different environmental factors. 15 00:00:38.310 --> 00:00:40.440 This is just a very quick summary of what they do. 16 00:00:40.440 --> 00:00:42.510 They do do much more. 17 00:00:42.510 --> 00:00:44.822 The next is the Food and Drug Administration, 18 00:00:44.822 --> 00:00:47.280 more commonly known as FDA. 19 00:00:47.280 --> 00:00:50.640 We often see their role in public health through, 20 00:00:50.640 --> 00:00:53.921 you know, ensuring the safety of food, 21 00:00:53.921 --> 00:00:57.680 cosmetics, medications, et cetera. 22 00:00:57.680 --> 00:01:00.698 We next have the Department of Agriculture, USDA, 23 00:01:00.698 --> 00:01:03.289 where they are looking at public safety 24 00:01:03.289 --> 00:01:05.640 and setting parameters for food, 25 00:01:05.640 --> 00:01:08.774 agricultural, different resources, and nutrition. 26 00:01:08.774 --> 00:01:11.040 We have the Department of Defense 27 00:01:11.040 --> 00:01:13.553 as well as the Department of Health and Human Services. 28 00:01:13.553 --> 00:01:16.740 This is really looking at public health 29 00:01:16.740 --> 00:01:19.020 in terms of preventing disease and promoting health, 30 00:01:19.020 --> 00:01:22.860 and ensuring that services and needed resources 31 00:01:22.860 --> 00:01:25.068 are available to individuals in need. 32 00:01:25.068 --> 00:01:28.007 Part of all of these agencies 33 00:01:28.007 --> 00:01:30.781 is the Administrative Procedure Act, the APA. 34 00:01:30.781 --> 00:01:35.340 This allows for agencies to have power to make changes 35 00:01:35.340 --> 00:01:39.363 but also safeguards and rules for these agencies to follow. 36 00:01:41.254 --> 00:01:46.254 Because this chapter is all about administrative advocacy 37 00:01:46.320 --> 00:01:49.590 and government agencies, and public health advocacy, 38 00:01:49.590 --> 00:01:51.900 I wanted to do a quick civics recap. 39 00:01:51.900 --> 00:01:55.260 I know it's often in our high school curriculum, 40 00:01:55.260 --> 00:01:57.330 but it is easy to forget. 41 00:01:57.330 --> 00:01:59.940 And for individuals who might not be 42 00:01:59.940 --> 00:02:02.400 so well versed in civics, the United States 43 00:02:02.400 --> 00:02:04.170 has three different branches of government. 44 00:02:04.170 --> 00:02:05.940 That includes the legislative branch, 45 00:02:05.940 --> 00:02:09.003 the executive branch, and the judicial branch. 46 00:02:12.270 --> 00:02:14.640 For many different topics, they are ruled federally, 47 00:02:14.640 --> 00:02:18.510 but it can also be state governed, 48 00:02:18.510 --> 00:02:20.922 and that follows a similar branch of legislative, 49 00:02:20.922 --> 00:02:23.103 executive, and judicial. 50 00:02:24.150 --> 00:02:26.700 So when we look at state legislative, 51 00:02:26.700 --> 00:02:29.478 there's upper and larger houses of legislative branches. 52 00:02:29.478 --> 00:02:32.187 The upper chamber is called the Senate. 53 00:02:32.187 --> 00:02:34.472 The lower chamber is the representatives. 54 00:02:34.472 --> 00:02:37.350 We have about two different senators from each state 55 00:02:37.350 --> 00:02:40.290 and over 400 voters in the House of Representatives 56 00:02:40.290 --> 00:02:44.640 who are all working to pass laws and bills 57 00:02:44.640 --> 00:02:47.940 that support and protect the lives 58 00:02:47.940 --> 00:02:52.574 and rights of United States citizens. 59 00:02:52.574 --> 00:02:54.690 When we're looking at government agencies 60 00:02:54.690 --> 00:02:58.230 and administrative advocacy, we have to consider rulemaking, 61 00:02:58.230 --> 00:03:01.980 or what our text support says the process agencies use 62 00:03:01.980 --> 00:03:04.620 to adopt, amend, or appeal regulations. 63 00:03:04.620 --> 00:03:05.790 This is not easy. 64 00:03:05.790 --> 00:03:09.540 To make changes, there are many different steps. 65 00:03:09.540 --> 00:03:12.210 First, it is necessary that the public 66 00:03:12.210 --> 00:03:13.376 be involved and notified. 67 00:03:13.376 --> 00:03:16.470 And that's why, again, community perspective 68 00:03:16.470 --> 00:03:18.030 is so important in public health, 69 00:03:18.030 --> 00:03:21.030 because we need to understand their support or opposition 70 00:03:21.030 --> 00:03:22.830 since these are the people we are serving, 71 00:03:22.830 --> 00:03:24.810 we must be considerate and understanding 72 00:03:24.810 --> 00:03:28.050 to their needs and their viewpoints. 73 00:03:28.050 --> 00:03:31.932 Next, rulemaking has to go through some sort 74 00:03:31.932 --> 00:03:35.188 of branch of legislative, even if it's in an agency. 75 00:03:35.188 --> 00:03:40.188 Rulemaking and changes can't usually be instantaneously. 76 00:03:41.190 --> 00:03:43.095 It usually takes up to one to three months. 77 00:03:43.095 --> 00:03:46.650 And usually, there needs to be an approval 78 00:03:46.650 --> 00:03:49.825 from an agency head or adjudication. 79 00:03:49.825 --> 00:03:52.164 The text also goes through adjudication, 80 00:03:52.164 --> 00:03:54.930 which is just when agencies 81 00:03:54.930 --> 00:03:56.610 try and decipher a regulation break 82 00:03:56.610 --> 00:03:59.371 or violation of the consequences of such violations, 83 00:03:59.371 --> 00:04:01.620 again, keeping some checks and balances 84 00:04:01.620 --> 00:04:04.723 and ensuring that policies and rules 85 00:04:04.723 --> 00:04:08.850 and the structure and integrity of these agencies 86 00:04:08.850 --> 00:04:11.370 maintains to ultimately promote the health 87 00:04:11.370 --> 00:04:15.750 and wellbeing of their constituents. 88 00:04:15.750 --> 00:04:19.330 Licensing and permitting is another part of advocating 89 00:04:20.310 --> 00:04:24.041 and government agencies and administrative advocacies, 90 00:04:24.041 --> 00:04:27.633 and this is ways in which individuals 91 00:04:27.633 --> 00:04:31.402 and businesses can perform jobs with agencies purviews, 92 00:04:31.402 --> 00:04:36.402 for example, agencies allow homeowners 93 00:04:36.480 --> 00:04:38.619 to remodel through a licensing. 94 00:04:38.619 --> 00:04:41.670 We can also view licensing 95 00:04:41.670 --> 00:04:43.470 and permitting in an advocacy lens. 96 00:04:43.470 --> 00:04:47.086 So the Vermont Department of Motor Vehicles allows 97 00:04:47.086 --> 00:04:50.370 for continued growth for agriculture 98 00:04:50.370 --> 00:04:52.740 by providing permits such as farm equipment, 99 00:04:52.740 --> 00:04:54.536 dealer permits, single-trip permits. 100 00:04:54.536 --> 00:04:57.780 And there's a great example of why this pertains 101 00:04:57.780 --> 00:04:59.669 to public health advocacy 102 00:04:59.669 --> 00:05:03.000 and the example called Gender Onclusivity 103 00:05:03.000 --> 00:05:04.413 in the Surfing Competition. 104 00:05:05.434 --> 00:05:09.240 And you may be thinking, advocacy and legislator 105 00:05:09.240 --> 00:05:11.231 and this whole lecture don't seem to go together 106 00:05:11.231 --> 00:05:13.350 but very much does. 107 00:05:13.350 --> 00:05:15.870 There are so many disparities in our society 108 00:05:15.870 --> 00:05:18.990 and I could probably do a whole class just on inequities 109 00:05:18.990 --> 00:05:21.600 in our current government and how it is not fair 110 00:05:21.600 --> 00:05:24.423 to so many people who live in the United States. 111 00:05:25.420 --> 00:05:28.050 It's important for us to bring up these disparities 112 00:05:28.050 --> 00:05:28.883 and highlight them 113 00:05:28.883 --> 00:05:32.528 and that is the foundation and the quote unquote "problem" 114 00:05:32.528 --> 00:05:35.010 that our campaigns are trying to solve. 115 00:05:35.010 --> 00:05:37.747 And without an understanding of how our government works 116 00:05:37.747 --> 00:05:41.760 and how to contact the people who matter 117 00:05:41.760 --> 00:05:43.320 to make these changes, 118 00:05:43.320 --> 00:05:46.025 nothing can come over, nothing will come from it. 119 00:05:46.025 --> 00:05:49.905 This, again, will follow the four steps of advocacy change, 120 00:05:49.905 --> 00:05:51.870 and it will take time. 121 00:05:51.870 --> 00:05:54.330 It's important to follow the steps 122 00:05:54.330 --> 00:05:56.520 and talk to as many people as you can 123 00:05:56.520 --> 00:05:58.203 to effectively make a change. 124 00:05:59.520 --> 00:06:01.941 And if all else fails, it's important to remember 125 00:06:01.941 --> 00:06:03.955 that this is a tough field 126 00:06:03.955 --> 00:06:07.320 and it's okay to share your failures. 127 00:06:07.320 --> 00:06:09.570 This sheds lights on disparities still 128 00:06:09.570 --> 00:06:13.306 and perhaps will illuminate a different path 129 00:06:13.306 --> 00:06:17.028 for another organization to go down who uses your mistakes 130 00:06:17.028 --> 00:06:19.653 as a foundation for their growth. 131 00:06:21.210 --> 00:06:22.785 I wanted just to quickly go over 132 00:06:22.785 --> 00:06:26.700 some administrative advocacy pluses and minuses 133 00:06:26.700 --> 00:06:27.750 that was in the text. 134 00:06:27.750 --> 00:06:28.820 That's box 6.6. 135 00:06:30.840 --> 00:06:33.480 Feel free to pause your screen and read over them 136 00:06:33.480 --> 00:06:36.840 but some pluses of administrative advocacy work 137 00:06:36.840 --> 00:06:39.210 within an agency include, you know, 138 00:06:39.210 --> 00:06:42.723 relatively quick turnaround time for change. 139 00:06:43.620 --> 00:06:46.680 Community leaders are not always represented by lawyers 140 00:06:46.680 --> 00:06:48.929 so red tape is a little bit down. 141 00:06:48.929 --> 00:06:52.852 Agency action can happen at any time 142 00:06:52.852 --> 00:06:57.180 and oftentimes there is political pressure involved. 143 00:06:57.180 --> 00:06:58.519 Some downside include 144 00:06:58.519 --> 00:07:02.790 that you don't always get the most sympathetic minds. 145 00:07:02.790 --> 00:07:05.820 You can't guarantee that everybody will be available 146 00:07:05.820 --> 00:07:09.147 to your cause and they may have support for your opposition. 147 00:07:09.147 --> 00:07:10.713 In addition, 148 00:07:12.880 --> 00:07:14.790 it depends on the issue 149 00:07:14.790 --> 00:07:17.070 but it could go more legislative or legal 150 00:07:17.070 --> 00:07:21.090 leading to a longer time or some issues with voting 151 00:07:21.090 --> 00:07:25.080 or red tape that allows you not to pursue your full campaign 152 00:07:25.080 --> 00:07:26.733 in the timeframe you would like. 153 00:07:27.899 --> 00:07:32.899 Again, this entire lecture is based off of Snyder and Iton's 154 00:07:33.127 --> 00:07:35.520 "Advocacy for Public Health Policy Change: 155 00:07:35.520 --> 00:07:36.797 An Urgent Imperative." 156 00:07:36.797 --> 00:07:39.270 This concludes chapter seven. 157 00:07:39.270 --> 00:07:42.030 This was just a quick recap of civics 158 00:07:42.030 --> 00:07:45.300 and how our agencies work and how advocacy is involved 159 00:07:45.300 --> 00:07:47.927 with both government and legislature, 160 00:07:47.927 --> 00:07:50.730 but still relevant to the ultimate goal 161 00:07:50.730 --> 00:07:52.320 of developing a campaign. 162 00:07:52.320 --> 00:07:54.070 I will see you in the next lecture.